Question: Is it true that the order of bytes for numeric data types differ depending on the processor?
Answer: True
Question: What is the order of bytes for numeric data types stored in 'Little Endian' format?
Most significant byte at the lowest address
Least significant byte at the lowest address
Least significant byte at the highest address
Answer: Least significant byte at the lowest address
Question: ______ is the order where the most significant byte of the number is stored at the lowest address and the least significant byte at the highest address.
Answer: Big Endian
Question: Why is understanding endianness important in embedded systems?
Answer: Understanding endianness is important in embedded systems to ensure proper interpretation of numeric data across different processors.
Question: Is endian ordering important for embedded programmers and device driver programmers?
Answer: True
Question: What is the main reason for paying attention to bit/byte positions when talking to hardware?
To simplify programming
To ensure compatibility
To avoid conflicts
Answer: To avoid conflicts
Question: __________ is used to make code cross-platform when dealing with IO and memory mapping.
Answer: Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)
Question: Describe the purpose of static memory allocations in embedded systems.
Answer: Static memory allocations are used for variables that are fixed in size at compile time and for constants.
Question: Is the stack always FILO (First In Last Out) in memory management?
Answer: True
Question: What is the potential risk associated with heap memory allocation?
Memory fragmentation
Memory leaks
Stack overflow
Answer: Memory leaks
Question: The stack in ARM architecture starts in __________ memory and works __________.
Answer: HIGH; down
Question: Explain the process of storing the state of a program on the stack before a C function is called.
Answer: The state of the program, including local variables and return address, is pushed onto the stack before the function call.
Question: Is it safe to assume that local variables in a C function are always initialized to a specific value?
Answer: False
Question: What segment of memory in embedded systems contains the program code?
Heap
Stack
TEXT
Answer: TEXT
Question: Is it recommended to call library functions in an interrupt handler?
Answer: False
Question: What is the main purpose of interrupt handlers?
To execute long-running operations
To handle bursts of data
To pause the CPU
Answer: To handle bursts of data
Question: __________ is the stack pointer register on ARM architecture.
Answer: R13
Question: Explain the ARM Procedure Call Standard for parameter passing.
Answer: The first four parameters are passed in registers R0-R3, and subsequent parameters are passed on the stack. The return value is expected to be in R0.
Question: In ARM Basics, is the instruction 'push {r4-r7, lr}' saving registers r4, r5, r6, r7, and lr onto the stack?
Answer: True
Question: What is the main advantage of ARM having more registers than the 6808?
Better performance
Smaller code size
Easier debugging
Answer: Better performance
Question: __________ instruction in the ARM Basics code toggles an LED.
Answer: BSP_LED_Toggle
Question: Describe the purpose of the 'bl BSP_LED_Toggle' instruction in the ARM Basics code.
Answer: The 'bl BSP_LED_Toggle' instruction calls the BSP_LED_Toggle function to toggle an LED.
Question: In ARM Registers, is it true that ARM has more registers than the 6808?
Answer: True
Question: What is the potential downside of ARM having more registers than the 6808?
Increased complexity
Slower execution
Limited flexibility
Answer: Increased complexity
Question: ARM has _________ registers compared to the 6808.
Answer: more
Question: Discuss whether having more registers in ARM is overall beneficial or not.
Answer: Having more registers in ARM can lead to better performance and optimization, but it also introduces complexity in programming and debugging.